The most trusted and extensive resource for dog bite victims, dog owners, parents, journalists and others needing to learn about the legal rights of victims, and other aspects of the dog bite epidemic. |
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For Dog Bite VictimsFor Dog OwnersFor ParentsFor Journalists, Lawmakers and Academics
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Meet your host:
Mr. Phillips welcomes E-mail from visitors to this website, especially dog bite victims and their families. He responds personally and answers questions for free. Click here to write to him and receive his personal reply within hours (his E-mail address is kphillips@dogbitelaw.com). Reporters seeking interviews or information are welcome to click here. Mr. Phillips is widely recognized as the nation's leading authority on dog bite law. A frequent guest on CNN, NBC, CBS, ABC, MS-NBC, Fox News Channel, and Court TV, he has been called "the dog bite king" (Today Show and Lawyers Weekly), "a leading expert in dog bite law" (Good Housekeeping), and "the nation's best known practitioner of terrier torts" (Los Angeles Times). Find out more about him at Meet Kenneth Phillips. Overview of Dog Bite Law :American dog bite law consists of civil and criminal law, found in state statutes, county and city ordinances, and court decisions The laws vary widely among jurisdictions. In each, the key issue is the extent to which the jurisdiction follows the old English "one bite rule." This ancient law shields a dog owner or harborer from liability, civilly and criminally, until he has a certain degree of knowledge that his dog is dangerous or vicious. Most states have abolished or substantially modified the "one bite rule" and hold a dog owner strictly liable for dog bite injuries as long as the victim was not trespassing and did not provoke the dog. To learn about the civil laws, start at Legal Rights of Dog Bite Victims in the USA. For criminal laws, go to Dangerous and Vicious Dogs. For model laws that create a fair balance between the rights of the community and dog owners, see Model Dog Bite Laws. Before deciding what to do after a dog bite, read Does an Adult Need a Lawyer for a Dog Bite Claim? or Should Parents Get a Lawyer for Their Injured Child? To learn the statistics and how to prevent dog bites, go to the list of topics in For Journalists, Lawmakers and Academics. Dog Attack Danger Scale:One or more of the following 5 circumstances have been present in the majority of recent, fatal dog attacks:
The presence of any one factor indicates danger. Two or more factors should be avoided at all costs. For more information, see Dangerous and Vicious Dogs to see examples of maulings that presented these factors, Why Dogs Bite People to learn the causes of dog attacks, and Preventing Dog Bites for Attorney Phillips'10-point plan to end the dog bite epidemic.
In the news:Persons killed by dogs in August 2008: Two Americans died from dog attacks this month. Six-year-old Isis Krieger of Anchorage, Alaska, was mauled by her parents' pit bull on August 12, 2008, and perished on August 18, 2008. Alaska is a one bite state. Henry Piotrowski, 90 years old, of Staten Island, New York, was mauled by two pit bulls on July 1, 2008, and died on August 17, 2008. One of his legs had to be amputated, and he had been in the hospital since the attack. New York's dog bite statute provides strict liability only for medical bills. For compensation other than medical bills, New York is a one bite state. For details about this death, and information about prior months, see The Dog Bite Victim Log and Dangerous and Vicious Dogs. The death count in 2007-2008: The USA has sustained a total of 12 fatal dog attacks in 2008. There were 32 in 2007. For details and a month-by-month breakdown of canine homicides since July 2006, see Dangerous and Vicious Dogs. For Attorney Kenneth Phillips' commentaries about such attacks and other issues related to dog bite law, go to The Dog Bite Victim Log. The link between human deaths and the one bite rule: Eighteen of the 32 fatal dog maulings that happened in the USA in 2007 occurred in the 21 states where the laws are weakest: -- Ten took place in the 18 "one bite states." (See Legal Rights of Dog Bite Victims in the USA to learn how the states are categorized.) -- Eight happened in three "mixed dog bite statute" states (referring to Georgia, Tennessee and New York, which have dog bite statutes that substantially embody the "one bite rule" while containing some degree of strict liability). -- Fourteen were in the 29 statutory strict liability states. The deadliest states: The states that led the death toll in 2007 were Texas (7 deaths, one bite state), Georgia (4 deaths, mixed statute state), Tennessee (4 deaths, mixed statute state), Illinois (three deaths, strict liability state), and Florida (three deaths, strict liability state). The first step to prevent dog bites: While 18 fatal attacks in the year 2007 happened in the 18 one bite states and three "mixed" states, only 14 occurred in the 29 statutory strict liability states. These statistics support the view that the one bite rule needs to be replaced in the 21 one bite states and three mixed states that continue to rely upon it. The one bite rule actually protects dog owners from their own negligence, even if it results in the death of another person. This old English law demands little or no vigilance on the part of dog owners. A single dog owner can own one biting dog after another, without fear of civil liability, because every dog gets that one free bite, mauling or killing. To learn more about the deadly one bite rule, click here. Twenty-nine American states have completely rejected the one bite rule because its primary effect in modern times is to prevent dog bite victims from making insurance claims for anything more than medical expenses. Dog bites are covered by liability insurance, such as homeowners, renters and some umbrella insurance policies, but the victim still must prove that his claim rests on legal grounds. The one bite rule makes this difficult or impossible in many cases, and therefore benefits insurance companies at the expense of the injured, who are mostly children. There should be no right to bite. The one bite rule should be rejected in every state and every country. The safety of children in one bite states like Texas, North Carolina and Maryland is no less important than kids in strict liability states. Famous dog bite cases: The Diane Whipple case (People v. Knoller). The Lilian Stiles case (Texas v. Jose Hernandez).
Taking action:Suggestions for dealing with a dangerous dog in your neighborhood can be found on the FAQ page of this web site. Please send Attorney Kenneth Phillips links to pending bills that deal with dogs and dog bites, whether on the state or local level. What's New:The Dog Bite Law web site is an ongoing project by Attorney Kenneth Phillips. For 10 years, he has revised and expanded the site on a daily basis. Currently undergoing a complete rewrite, some pages look more "modern" than others, but all are up-to-date. |
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